Neural arbitration between social and individual learning systems

Cost-Benefit Arbitration Between Multiple Reinforcement-Learning Systems.

Human behavior is sometimes determined by habit and other times by goal-directed planning. Modern reinforcement-learning theories formalize this distinction as a competition between a computationally cheap but inaccurate model-free system that gives rise to habits and a computationally expensive but accurate model-based system that implements planning. It is unclear, however, how people choose ...

Individualising the social - socialising the individual : Interdependence between social and individual agency in vocational learning

Neural Computations Underlying Arbitration between Model-Based and Model-free Learning

There is accumulating neural evidence to support the existence of two distinct systems for guiding action selection, a deliberative "model-based" and a reflexive "model-free" system. However, little is known about how the brain determines which of these systems controls behavior at one moment in time. We provide evidence for an arbitration mechanism that allocates the degree of control over beh...

the relationship between using language learning strategies, learners’ optimism, educational status, duration of learning and demotivation

with the growth of more humanistic approaches towards teaching foreign languages, more emphasis has been put on learners’ feelings, emotions and individual differences. one of the issues in teaching and learning english as a foreign language is demotivation. the purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the components of language learning strategies, optimism, duration o...

Learning to Consume: Individual versus Social Learning

Obtaining the “exact” solution to the consumption-under-uncertainty problem can be an extraordinarily difficult mathematical problem. Allen and Carroll (2001), however, show that a simple linear approximation to the optimal policy rule can yield utility trivially close to that of the exact solution. Furthermore, Allen and Carroll show that consumers can consistently find the near-optimal approx...